Classification Delphacidae (Family): Hemiptera (Order): Insecta (Class): Arthropoda (Phylum) Distribution Northeast Asia, Europe, Northern Africa, Russia, India, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia,
the Philippines, Micronesia (higher altitudes in tropical Asia -upland rice)
(Wilson & Claridge, 1991; Plantwise Knowledge Bank) Morphology and Biology Male 3.4-3.6mm, female 3.6-3.8mm Shiny black mesonotum of the male Sap-sucking mouthparts, transparent wings Hemimetabolous (불완전변태), 2n=28+(XO: male or XX: female) Life cycle: Egg-Nymph-Adult (approx. 25 days, 25 °c) Overwintering available in South Korea, long distance migration Virus vector: rice stripe virus (RSV), rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) Host crops Avena sativa (oats), Oryza sativa (rice), Triticum aestivum (wheat),
Hordeum vulgare (barley), Zea mays (corn) etc.
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| egg | 5th nymph | male | |
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| female | Adult (up->down : female, male, female) | 5th nymph | 벼줄무늬잎마름병 감염 벼 유묘(RSV를 보독한 애멸구에 RSV 매개전파) |
De novo whole-genome sequencing project of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallén Principal Investigator: Boyoon Seo (National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea) The small brown planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus Fallén (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is a hemimetabolous insect of which body size is less than 5 mm and has diploid bisexual chromosome (2n = 28 + XX or XO). SBPH is widely distributed in Asia, Europe, and Northern Africa and mainly feeds on the grass family, Poaceae. SBPH is one of the major pests against rice plant, Oryza sativa L. in East Asia. High density of SBPH could cause severe economic damage on rice plant by directly sucking and indirectly transmitting viral pathogens, rice stripe virus and rice streaked dwarf virus, with piercing mouthparts (i.e. Stylets). Rice stripe virus can be transmitted in a circulative, persistent, propagative manner by SBPH. SBPH has wing-size dimorphism (short vs. long) depending on genetic and environmental effect. A long- winged SBPH has been reported to massively migrate from China to Korea and Japan in early summer season. Nymphs of SBPH can also overwinter in temperate regions. Furthermore, SBPH has developed high resistance to diverse classes of insecticides including organophosphates, neonicotinoids, chitin biosynthesis inhibitor, etc., in the laboratory and the field. SBPH is taxonomically close to the brown planthopper (BPH), Niaparvata luges (Stál) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) which is another destructive rice pest, but diverse host range, different kind of virus transmission, and cold tolerance of SBPH are quite different from those of BPH. All these features could result in SBPH management problem in East Asia, so that genome-wide study through whole-genome sequencing may provide valuable insight to better understand the biological system of SBPH and the interrelationship among rice plant, virus, SBPH, and environmental factors and to develop new target site for pest management.